Explore the complete lecture series An Introduction to Western Philosophy – explained in Hindi for better understanding. Each video lecture is paired with simple, easy-to-read revision notes in English. This page includes all topics, key ideas, and thinkers covered in the course. Perfect for students looking to revise quickly or learn through Hindi explanations with English summaries.
Learn what philosophy really means in simple words. This post explains the definition, origin, and main branches of philosophy, with clear examples and student-friendly revision notes. Perfect for beginners and exam preparation.
Discover why philosophy matters in everyday life. Learn through real-world examples, key benefits, and how philosophy builds critical thinking and freedom of thought.
#003 What Came Before Philosophy?
Before philosophy began, people turned to myths to understand the world. This post explains how Greek mythology—through Hesiod’s Theogony and Homer’s Iliad—laid the foundation for early philosophical thought.
Discover the core ideas of Thales, the first Greek philosopher. Learn how he explained the world using water, introduced material monism, and replaced myth with logic—marking the true beginning of Western philosophy.
#005 Anaximander Philosophy Notes
Learn Anaximander’s philosophy in simple words. Discover his idea of Apeiron, the problem of change, vortex motion, balance of nature, early evolution theory, and rejection of mythology – perfect for quick student revision.
#006 Anaximenes Philosophy Notes
Discover the philosophy of Anaximenes, the ancient Greek thinker from Miletus who proposed air as the fundamental substance of reality. Learn how he explained change through rarefaction and condensation, introduced testable experiments, linked microcosm and macrocosm, and used analogy in reasoning.
#007 Pythagoras Philosophy Notes
Discover the key ideas of Pythagoras’ philosophy in simple words. Learn about the dyad of limit and unlimited, the role of numbers in musical harmony, the Pythagorean design of the universe, the table of opposites, and the lasting significance of his thought. Perfect revision notes for students.
#008 Xenophanes Philosophy Notes
Xenophanes (570–478 BC) was a Pre-Socratic philosopher who criticized Greek gods, introduced the idea of one supreme God, questioned the limits of knowledge, and explained natural events without mythology. His ideas shaped early philosophy, influencing natural theology, epistemology, and the Eleatic school.
#009 Heraclitus Philosophy Notes
Easy revision notes on Heraclitus. Learn about flux, fire, logos, and unity of opposites with clear explanations for students.
#010 Parmenides Philosophy Notes
Clear and simple notes on Parmenides’ philosophy. These cover his three axioms, the seven key conclusions on being, his views on time and change, and his lasting influence on Democritus, Plato, Aristotle, and Zeno. Helpful revision guide for students learning about being, reality, and rationalist philosophy.