-
Empedocles Philosophy Explained: Four Elements, Love and Strife, and the Origins of Change
Discover the complete philosophy of Empedocles (495–435 BC) — the Greek thinker who blended Parmenides’ permanence and Heraclitus’ change. Learn about his four elements theory, Love and Strife as cosmic forces, early evolution and soul transmigration, and how his ideas shaped Greek medicine and pluralism. Perfect revision notes for philosophy students.
-
Zeno’s Philosophy Explained – Key Paradoxes on Motion, Space, and Logic
Simple English notes on Zeno’s philosophy and paradoxes. Understand how Zeno challenges motion, plurality, space, and the limits of human logic.
-
Parmenides Philosophy Notes: Being, Reality, and Key Ideas
Clear and simple notes on Parmenides’ philosophy. These cover his three axioms, the seven key conclusions on being, his views on time and change, and his lasting influence on Democritus, Plato, Aristotle, and Zeno. Helpful revision guide for students learning about being, reality, and rationalist philosophy.
-
Heraclitus Philosophy Notes: Flux, Fire, Logos, and Opposites
Easy revision notes on Heraclitus. Learn about flux, fire, logos, and unity of opposites with clear explanations for students.
-
Xenophanes Philosophy Explained: God, Knowledge, and Natural Theology in Early Greek Thought
Xenophanes (570–478 BC) was a Pre-Socratic philosopher who criticized Greek gods, introduced the idea of one supreme God, questioned the limits of knowledge, and explained natural events without mythology. His ideas shaped early philosophy, influencing natural theology, epistemology, and the Eleatic school.
-
Pythagoras Philosophy: Concepts, Musical Harmony, Universe Design, and Significance
Discover the key ideas of Pythagoras’ philosophy in simple words. Learn about the dyad of limit and unlimited, the role of numbers in musical harmony, the Pythagorean design of the universe, the table of opposites, and the lasting significance of his thought. Perfect revision notes for students.
-
Anaximenes Philosophy Explained – Air as the First Principle, Theory of Change, and Key Contributions
Discover the philosophy of Anaximenes, the ancient Greek thinker from Miletus who proposed air as the fundamental substance of reality. Learn how he explained change through rarefaction and condensation, introduced testable experiments, linked microcosm and macrocosm, and used analogy in reasoning.
-
Anaximander Philosophy Explained – Apeiron, Vortex Motion, and Early Scientific Ideas
Learn Anaximander’s philosophy in simple words. Discover his idea of Apeiron, the problem of change, vortex motion, balance of nature, early evolution theory, and rejection of mythology – perfect for quick student revision.
-
Thales Philosophy Explained – The First Greek Thinker Who Replaced Myth with Reason
Discover the core ideas of Thales, the first Greek philosopher. Learn how he explained the world using water, introduced material monism, and replaced myth with logic—marking the true beginning of Western philosophy.
-
What Came Before Philosophy: Greek Mythology, Hesiod & Homer Explained
Before philosophy began, people turned to myths to understand the world. This post explains how Greek mythology—through Hesiod’s Theogony and Homer’s Iliad—laid the foundation for early philosophical thought.